pclose

(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

pclose — 关闭进程文件指针

说明

pclose(resource $handle): int

关闭用 popen() 打开的指向管道的文件指针。

参数

handle: 文件指针必须有效，且必须是成功调用 popen() 所返回的。

返回值

返回运行的进程的终止状态。发生错误时会返回 -1。

注意:
如果 PHP 是通过 --enable-sigchild 编译的，此函数将没有返回值。

示例

示例 #1 pclose() 例子

<?php
$handle = popen('/bin/ls', 'r');
pclose($handle);
?>

注释

注意: 仅限 Unix

pclose() 在内部使用 waitpid(3) 系统调用实现的。要获得真正的退出状态码，应该使用 pcntl_wexitstatus() 函数。

参见

popen() - 打开进程文件指针

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用户贡献的备注 4 notes

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Uwe Ohse ¶

9 years ago

Regarding the return value:
"Returns the termination status of the process that was run. In case of an error then -1 is returned. "
and the note about the exit status: "pclose() is internally implemented using the waitpid(3) system call. To obtain the real exit status code the pcntl_wexitstatus() function should be used."

The documentation of the return value is, at best, misleading. The function returns, as does proc_close():
* -1 on error,
* WEXITSTATUS(status) if WIFEXITED(status) is true, or 
* status if WIFEXITED(status) is false,
where status is the status parameter of waitpid().

This makes it impossible to differentiate between a relatively normal exit or a termination by signal, and reduces the value of the proc_close return code to a binary one (ok / something broke).

This can be seen in proc_open_rsrc_dtor() in ext/standard/proc_open.c (PHP 5.4.44, 5.6.12). 

The note advising the use of pcntl_wexitstatus is plain wrong. One cannot use pcntl_wexitstatus because it already has been used.

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kcross at nssolutions dot com ¶

21 years ago

Somewhere between 4.1.1 and 4.2.3, the return value from pclose changed.

The exit status used to be in the second byte, so that the status would be (pclose($fp)/256).

It is now in the low-order byte, so the status is just pclose($fp).

Be careful.

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vdweij at mailsurf dot com ¶

21 years ago

As I understand pclose will return 0 (on every platform) in case popen could not execute the specified command.

Since popen only returns the status wether it was able to send a command and not wether it was succesfully executed. Only the returned value of pclose can be used to check wether a command could be executed.

down

Mike ¶

16 years ago

The termination status, as pointed out in another note, is not the same as the exit status from the process. However, something like "pclose($fp)/256" is not the correct way to extract the exit status, since this uses system- and version-specific knowledge of where in the termination status the exit status is stored. (Also, the process may not even have exited normally, so it may not have an exit status at all.)

Instead, the functions pcntl_wifexited() and pcntl_wexitstatus() should be used. They are wrappers for the C macros WIFEXITED() and WEXITSTATUS() that are designed for determining whether the process had an exit status and what that status was, respectively.