PHP 8.4.1 Released!

    La classe WeakMap

    (PHP 8)

    Introduction

    Un WeakMap est un tableau associatif (ou dictionnaire) qui accepte des objets comme clés. Cependant, contrairement au autrement similaire SplObjectStorage, un objet dans une clé de WeakMap ne contribue pas au nombre de références de l'objet. En d'autres termes, si, à un moment donné, la seule référence restante à un objet est la clé d'un WeakMap, l'objet sera ramassé et supprimé du WeakMap. Son principal cas d'utilisation est la construction de caches de données dérivées d'un objet qui n'ont pas besoin d'être conservées plus longtemps que l'objet.

    WeakMap implemente ArrayAccess, Traversable (via IteratorAggregate), et Countable, de sorte que, dans la plupart des cas, il peut être utilisé de la même manière qu'un tableau associatif.

    Synopsis de la classe

    final class WeakMap implements ArrayAccess, Countable, IteratorAggregate {
    /* Méthodes */
    public count(): int
    public getIterator(): Iterator
    public offsetExists(object $object): bool
    public offsetGet(object $object): mixed
    public offsetSet(object $object, mixed $value): void
    public offsetUnset(object $object): void
    }

    Exemples

    Exemple #1 Exemple d'utilisation d'un Weakmap

    <?php
    $wm     = new WeakMap();

    $o = new stdClass;

    class     A {
    public function     __destruct() {
    echo     "Dead!\n";
    }
    }

    $wm[$o] = new A;

    var_dump(count($wm));
    echo     "Unsetting...\n";
    unset(    $o);
    echo     "Done\n";
    var_dump(count($wm));

    L'exemple ci-dessus va afficher :

    int(1)
Unsetting...
Dead!
Done
int(0)

    Sommaire

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    User Contributed Notes 2 notes

    up
    9
    Samu
    1 year ago
    PHP's implementation of WeakMap allows for iterating over the contents of the weak map, hence it's important to understand why it is sometimes dangerous and requires careful thought.

    If the objects of the WeakMap are "managed" by other services such as Doctrine's EntityManager, it is never safe to assume that if the object still exists in the weak map, it is still managed by Doctrine and therefore safe to consume.

    Doctrine might have already thrown that entity away but some unrelated piece of code might still hold a reference to it, hence it still existing in the map as well.

    If you are placing managed objects into the WeakMap and later iterating over the WeakMap (e.g. after Doctrine flush), then for each such object you must verify that it is still valid in the context of the source of the object.

    For example assigning a detached Doctrine entity to another entity's property would result in errors about non-persisted / non-managed entities being found in the hierarchy.
    up
    1
    Anton
    7 months ago
    Keep in mind that if Enum case is put as a key to WeakMap, it will never be removed because it will always have unless 1 reference to it under the hood (not sure why, probably because enum is basically a constant).
    Therefore, both WeakMaps below will always have key Enum::Case. However, you still are able to unset it manually:

    $weakMap = new WeakMap();
    $object = Enum::Case;

    $weakMap[$object] = 123;
    unset($object);
    var_dump($weakMap->count()); // 1

    ///

    $weakMap = new WeakMap();
    $weakMap[Enum::Case] = 123;
    var_dump($weakMap->count()); // 1

    ///

    $weakMap = new WeakMap();
    $weakMap[Enum::Case] = 123;
    unset($weakMap[Enum::Case]);
    var_dump($weakMap->count()); // 0
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