PHP 8.4.1 Released!

    Closure クラス

    (PHP 5 >= 5.3.0, PHP 7, PHP 8)

    はじめに

    無名関数 を表すために使うクラスです。

    無名関数は、Closure 型のオブジェクトを生成します。 このクラスにはメソッドが用意され、 生成した無名関数をさらにコントロールできるようになっています。

    ここであげたメソッド以外にも、このクラスには __invoke メソッドが存在します。 これは、マジックメソッド __invoke() を実装した他のクラスとの一貫性を保つためのものであり、 関数をコールするときにこのメソッドは使われません。

    クラス概要

    final class Closure {
    /* メソッド */
    private __construct()
    public static bind(Closure $closure, ?object $newThis, object|string|null $newScope = "static"): ?Closure
    public bindTo(?object $newThis, object|string|null $newScope = "static"): ?Closure
    public call(object $newThis, mixed ...$args): mixed
    public static fromCallable(callable $callback): Closure
    }

    目次

    • Closure::__construct — インスタンス作成を無効化したコンストラクタ
    • Closure::bind — バインドされたオブジェクトとクラスのスコープでクロージャを複製する
    • Closure::bindTo — 新しくバインドしたオブジェクトとクラスのスコープで、クロージャを複製する
    • Closure::call — クロージャを束縛して呼び出す
    • Closure::fromCallable — callable をクロージャに変換する

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    User Contributed Notes 4 notes

    up
    466
    chuck at bajax dot us
    9 years ago
    This caused me some confusion a while back when I was still learning what closures were and how to use them, but what is referred to as a closure in PHP isn't the same thing as what they call closures in other languages (E.G. JavaScript).

    In JavaScript, a closure can be thought of as a scope, when you define a function, it silently inherits the scope it's defined in, which is called its closure, and it retains that no matter where it's used. It's possible for multiple functions to share the same closure, and they can have access to multiple closures as long as they are within their accessible scope.

    In PHP, a closure is a callable class, to which you've bound your parameters manually.

    It's a slight distinction but one I feel bears mentioning.
    up
    105
    joe dot scylla at gmail dot com
    8 years ago
    Small little trick. You can use a closures in itself via reference.

    Example to delete a directory with all subdirectories and files:

    <?php
    $deleteDirectory     = null;
    $deleteDirectory = function($path) use (&$deleteDirectory) {
    $resource = opendir($path);
    while ((    $item = readdir($resource)) !== false) {
    if (    $item !== "." && $item !== "..") {
    if (    is_dir($path . "/" . $item)) {
    $deleteDirectory($path . "/" . $item);
    } else {
    unlink($path . "/" . $item);
    }
    }
    }
    closedir($resource);
    rmdir($path);
    };
    $deleteDirectory("path/to/directoy");
    ?>
    up
    71
    luk4z_7 at hotmail dot com
    9 years ago
    Scope
    A closure encapsulates its scope, meaning that it has no access to the scope in which it is defined or executed. It is, however, possible to inherit variables from the parent scope (where the closure is defined) into the closure with the use keyword:

    function createGreeter($who) {
    return function() use ($who) {
    echo "Hello $who";
    };
    }

    $greeter = createGreeter("World");
    $greeter(); // Hello World

    This inherits the variables by-value, that is, a copy is made available inside the closure using its original name.
    font: Zend Certification Study Guide.
    up
    3
    info at ensostudio dot ru
    2 years ago
    compare closures:
    <?php
    (string) new ReflectionFunction($fn) === (string) new ReflectionFunction($fn2)
    ?>
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