(PHP 5 >= 5.1.0, PHP 7, PHP 8)
SplFileObject::fgetcsv — Gets line from file and parse as CSV fields
$separator = ",", string $enclosure = "\"", string $escape = "\\"): array|falseGets a line from the file which is in CSV format and returns an array containing the fields read.
Note: The locale settings are taken into account by this function. For example, data encoded in certain one-byte encodings may be parsed incorrectly if
LC_CTYPEisen_US.UTF-8.
separator
The field delimiter (one single-byte character only).
By default , or the value set by a prior call to
SplFileObject::setCsvControl().
enclosure
The field enclosure character (one single-byte character only).
By default " or the value set by a prior call to
SplFileObject::setCsvControl().
escape
The escape character (at most one single-byte character).
By default \ or the value set by a prior call to
SplFileObject::setCsvControl().
An empty string ("") disables the proprietary escape mechanism.
Note: Usually an
enclosurecharacter is escaped inside a field by doubling it; however, theescapecharacter can be used as an alternative. So for the default parameter values""and\"have the same meaning. Other than allowing to escape theenclosurecharacter theescapecharacter has no special meaning; it isn't even meant to escape itself.
As of PHP 8.4.0, depending on the default value of
escape is deprecated.
It needs to be provided explicitly either positionally or by the use
of Named Arguments,
or by a call to SplFileObject::setCsvControl().
When escape is set to anything other than an empty string
("") it can result in CSV that is not compliant with
» RFC 4180 or unable to survive a roundtrip
through the PHP CSV functions. The default for escape is
"\\" so it is recommended to set it to the empty string explicitly.
The default value will change in a future version of PHP, no earlier than PHP 9.0.
Returns an indexed array containing the fields read, or false on error.
Note:
A blank line in a CSV file will be returned as an array comprising a single
nullfield unless usingSplFileObject::SKIP_EMPTY | SplFileObject::DROP_NEW_LINE, in which case empty lines are skipped.
Throws a ValueError if
separator or enclosure
is not one byte long.
Throws a ValueError if
escape is not one byte long or the empty string.
| Version | Description |
|---|---|
| 8.4.0 |
Relying on the default value of escape is now
deprecated.
|
| 7.4.0 |
The escape parameter now also accepts an empty
string to disable the proprietary escape mechanism.
|
Example #1 SplFileObject::fgetcsv() example
<?php
$file = new SplFileObject("data.csv");
while (!$file->eof()) {
var_dump($file->fgetcsv());
}
?>
Example #2 SplFileObject::READ_CSV example
<?php
$file = new SplFileObject("animals.csv");
$file->setFlags(SplFileObject::READ_CSV);
foreach ($file as $row) {
list($animal, $class, $legs) = $row;
printf("A %s is a %s with %d legs\n", $animal, $class, $legs);
}
?>Contents of animals.csv
crocodile,reptile,4 dolphin,mammal,0 duck,bird,2 koala,mammal,4 salmon,fish,0
The above example will output something similar to:
A crocodile is a reptile with 4 legs A dolphin is a mammal with 0 legs A duck is a bird with 2 legs A koala is a mammal with 4 legs A salmon is a fish with 0 legs
SplFileObject::READ_CSVBe aware.
There is bug 46569 persists that breaks usage of SplFileObject::fgetcsv() after SplFileObject::seek()-ing to a non-zero position and then returns the contents of wrong line - off by one
<?php
$file = new SplFileObject('foo/bar.csv');
$file->seek(1);
print_r($file->fgetcsv()); // reads 3rd line against 2ndNot that this may return NULL instead of FALSE depending on the given SplFileObject flags in versions prior to PHP 8.1.
Change: https://github.com/php/php-src/commit/188b1d4c7c7b3482584e248522d94e06ba616a1c
Testcase: https://3v4l.org/6dQTTIf your CSV doesn't have enclosures, you can face an issue with default " identified as enclosure in data. Empty $enclosure is not allowed, but you can use same $enclosure as $delimiter (\n by default) to emulate empty enclosure.after setting the delimiter '\t' fgetcsv() truncates the value when it is empty string
workaround:
<?php
$file = new SplFileObject($path);
$file->setFlags(SplFileObject::DROP_NEW_LINE);
while ($file->valid()) {
$line = $file->fgets();
$line = explode("\t", $line);
print_r($line);
}
?>Note that due to bugs 55807 and 61032, introduced in 5.3.8, if the csv in example #2 has a newline character at the end of each line, the foreach will execute 6 times.
The last time through the loop $row will be bool(false). This is true even if using SplFileObject::SKIP_EMPTY and SplFileObject::DROP_NEW_LINE.
Until the bug is fixed, the workaround is to also add SplFileObject::READ_AHEAD to your setFlags() call.